Parkinsonism

Make the Diagnosis: Parkinsonism

Parkinson disease remains a clinical diagnosis. No accurate laboratory or radiologic test is currently available. An acute challenge with levodopa, followed by monitoring for improvement of symptoms, is not useful diagnostically.

Prior Probability

Parkinson disease affects 1% of people older than 65 years and 2% of those older than 85 years.² The prevalence among older patients presenting with general neurologic complaints is almost certainly much higher, but precise figures are unavailable.

Population for Whom Parkinson Disease Should Be Considered

Adults with a tremor or other symptoms noted in Tables 38-4 and 38-5 (see Figure 38-2 for assessment of bradykinesia).

Detecting the Likelihood of Parkinson Disease

See Tables 38-4 and 38-5 (see Figure 38-2 for assessment of bradykinesia).

Reference Standard Tests

Serial clinical examinations performed by a specialist.

Original Article: Does This Patient Have Parkinson Disease?

Clinical Scenario

A 68-year-old man presents with a 3-month history of right arm tremor at rest. His movements have been slower and he has difficulty getting out of a chair. Physical examination reveals rigidity in the upper limbs. He walks with small steps and has limited ability to swing his arms. His facial expressions are limited.

Why Answer This Question With a Clinical Examination?

With a prevalence estimated between 150 and 200 per 100 000, Parkinson disease (PD) is one of the most common neurologic disorders.¹ It is more prevalent in older persons, affecting 1% of those older than 65 years ...